Avaliaçao da implementação das medidas de facilitação do comércio internacional em Moçambique, no contexto negociações em curso na Organização Mundial: o caso das Alfândegas de Moçambique 1997-2006

Abstract

International Trade Facilitation (CF) has been a major feature of the GATT 1994 for many years. It is defined as the reduction of all transaction costs associated with the application, regulation and administration of trade policies, through the modernization and automation of procedures in accordance with internationally required standards. The work intends to assess the extent to which measures to facilitate international trade foreseen in the articles of the GATT, namely, article V (on the freedom of international transit of goods), and article VIII (on the charges and formalities related to the process of Import/Export) and Article X (on the publication and management of information and trade regulations) are effectively applied by the Mozambican authorities, in the context of negotiations on Trade Facilitation underway at the WTO. This topic is extremely important as knowing the current status of international trade facilitation and the level of understanding of the implementation of facilitation measures by the commercial community, it can contribute to the improvement of international trade policies by policy makers, combining efforts to improve the business environment in Mozambique. For the elaboration of this work, a review of data from available secondary sources and of the diverse literature was used, in order to make an overview of what trade facilitation is in general terms, then a simple survey was carried out at the level of exporters and importers of various goods, through a structured questionnaire designed in line with the ARNET research guide (Appendix 2) to assess the level of perception of the implementation of these measures in the country. Employees of public institutions were also interviewed through a checklist developed in eleven identified areas of trade facilitation (Annex 1). The results of the present work reveal that in Mozambique trade facilitation is still a huge problem, which implies that reforms in the customs area need to be carried out with greater enthusiasm, until the desired levels are reached. Delays in the clearance of goods, complications in customs valuation and tariff classification of goods, the lack of regulatory systems for the early clearance of goods, and the lack of adequate coordination between institutions operating at the borders constitute the impasse for proper implementation trade facilitation measures in Mozambique.( TRADUÇÃO NOSSA )