Análise dos factores que condicionam o ambiente de negócios em Moçambique e o papel do governo na promoção da competitividade do país: o caso do sector de comercialização de combustíveis

Abstract

The improvement of the business environment consists of increasing competitiveness by reducing the transaction costs that are imposed on the economic agents promoting the initiative toilet. The reduction of transaction costs necessarily involves the adoption of a set of measures aimed at increasing public investment in infrastructure, removing bureaucratic, administrative, regulatory, legal and legislative obstacles. The analysis of the data showed that Mozambique has adopted and implemented this set of measures with some success. This fact is recognized in the classification made by Doing Business 2008, where the country went up 6 places, going from position 140 to position 134 in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Despite this growth, there is evidence that the business environment in the country remains problematic. The present work intends to identify the reasons for the persistence of this problem through the analysis of certain factors that directly or indirectly affect the Business Environment in the country. This analysis culminates with a case study carried out in the fuel commercialization process. The methodology used for analysis was based on: (i) literature review and consultation of legislation, articles, reports and other relevant documents, (ii) semi-open interviews with key informants, such as representatives of IMOPRETO, GALP Energia, BP Mozambique, Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Ministry of Energy and the One-stop Service in the City of Maputo, (iii) and in the survey carried out on 53 companies on the evaluation that they do on certain factors that influence the business environment in the country. Among the various factors analyzed, the difficulty of access to credit, the excessive tax burden on business activity, the deficient coverage of socio-economic infrastructures, the high cost of hiring workers are the most problematic factors in the business environment of Mozambique. The case study shows that the fuel commercialization process in Mozambique, particularly for Fuel Distribution Operators, is characterized by a unfavorable business environment due to the negative influence of the international oil and derivatives market price, the exchange rate and other transaction costs reflected in the import and correction of the base fuel price. (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)