Estudo da qualidade de água dos poços e furos para fins domésticos no distrito de Chigubo, província de Gaza

Abstract

The Chigubo district is located in the north of the province of Gaza, most of the population is experiencing a very critical moment of scarcity of water for consumption, due to the prolonged drought that has been plaguing that region. Following the severe water crisis that the population is experiencing, it uses underground sources (wells and boreholes) which, in turn, are not subjected to any quality analysis, putting communities' health and food security at risk. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the water quality of wells and boreholes for domestic purposes in the district of Chigubo. The methodology consisted of a bibliographic review, field and laboratory work, treatment of the results and finally elaboration of the final report. The physical-chemical parameters monitored were compared with the water quality standards for consumption purposes of the standardization and quality institute (INOQ), such as pH, CE, turbidity, total hardness, HCO3-, CO32-, NO3-, NO2- , NH4 +, Cl- and Na +. The results of the parameters studied such as CE, Cl-, total hardness, NH4 + and Na + are above the limits recommended by the INOQ standards, which does not provide good water quality for domestic purposes with the exception of the pH, NO3-, NO2- parameters that were within the limits acceptable by the standards. The statistical calculations will demonstrate that the precision of the results of the parameters pH, NO3-, NO2- and Na + in the samples varied from very good to good, with values ​​of% RSD between 0.00 and 4.7%, and for the parameters of CE, Cl-, total hardness and NH4 + the accuracy was less good. It is concluded that water from holes and wells under study is not recommended for domestic purposes, due to the high levels of salinity. It is recommended to carry out a study to evaluate the possibility of implementing water desalination systems, as well as to carry out the same studies in other regions with a lack of drinking water.