Refugiados climáticos e a invisibilidade jurídica internacional: a urgência de reconhecimento legal frente aos desafios das mudanças ambientais globais

Abstract

In the last century, with the impact of the climate crisis, global environmental change resulted in human displacement on a larger scale; the so-called climate refugees. Disasters that are violent (floods, cyclones, rising sea levels, environmental degradation) disrupt livelihoods, food security, and habitability of vast regions, causing entire populations to leave their land of origin. The lack of a normative framework in the global scenario neglects the legal existence of those displaced by climate pressures, creating a phenomenon of structural vulnerability where the norms of international law fail to accommodate the new ecological reality. In this scenario, it is vital to reconsider International Refugee Law and International Human Rights Law to include environmental displacement. The legal recognition of climate refugees is a normative necessity, but also necessary to maintain the rights and dignity of communities affected by global environmental change.