Padrão de desenvolvimento de Moçambique no contexto do capitalismo mundial: análise alicerçada à óptica da teoria Marxista da dependência

Abstract

Economic development represents one of the main concepts in the study of economics as a science, and it is in this context that this analysis, based on the Marxist theory of dependency, questions Mozambique's development paths in the context of global capitalism, since current economic policies are a byproduct of this global economic system. This theory argues that the development conditions of some countries (peripheral countries) depend on the development of other formally independent countries (central countries). It is from this perspective that this work problematizes Mozambique's insertion into global capitalism, with a view to identifying its influence on the country's development. Thus, with the aim of analysing the positive or negative impact of this influence based on the precepts for applying this theory to the Mozambican reality during the period 1995-2018, it is through dialectical materialism as a methodological approach that we question the existence or not of the country's dependence and the way in which this dependence interferes with internal development processes. In terms of research procedure and technique, the analysis was based on a case study, documentary research and bibliographical research, using economic data from the Bank of Mozambique, the World Bank and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) as references for the quantitative analysis. The conclusion is that the country adopts a dependent development pattern and its insertion into capitalism exacerbates underdevelopment, with the current stage being an expression of this dependence, characterized mainly by high external vulnerability and peripheral status supported by high remittances, loss of terms of trade and external realization of the capital cycle, which highlights the need for policies adjusted to the reality of the periphery to which the country is confined.