Análise dos factores de risco associados à comorbidade entre a diarreia e infecção respiratória aguda em crianças menores de cinco anos de idade em Moçambique

Abstract

Diarrhea and Acute Respiratory Infection are major causes of mortality in children under five years of age, accounting for more than 1.4 million deaths annually worldwide. In Sub-Saharan Africa, 25.3% of infant mortality in this age group is attributable to these two diseases. In Mozambique, comorbidity between diarrhea and ARI results in approximately 116,000 deaths per year, which equates to an average of 300 children dying daily. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors associated with comorbidity between diarrhea and acute respiratory infection in children under five years of age in Mozambique. To this end, data from the 2022-23 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) were analyzed, using a final sample of 8774 children after data cleaning. To capture the dependence between diarrhea and ARI, Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern copula regression models with marginal logit-probits were employed. The estimated prevalence was 8.76% for diarrhea, 9.93% for ARI, and 2.87% for the comorbidity. The results identified that the co-occurrence of diarrhea and ARI is associated with factors such as the child's age, duration of breastfeeding, the mother's age, the socioeconomic level of the household, among others. This study provides a solid theoretical basis and can serve as a reference guide to understand the functioning of this comorbidity, considering the specific context of the child.(TRADUÇAO NOSSA)