Avaliação da qualidade físico-química e microbiológica do queijo de leite de cabra (sunrise) e queijo de leite de vaca (dona Anita) produzidos artesanalmente na província de Maputo

Abstract

The consumption of cow's milk and goat's milk cheese is currently increasing. The production process of these types of cheeses is carried out through artisanal production at the farm level. However, knowledge in the field of hygiene, technology and sanitary safety of cheeses is still insufficient. The present work aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological quality of Goat's Milk Cheese (Sunrise) and Cow's Milk Cheese (Dona Anita) produced artisanally in the province of Maputo, Mozambique. The physicochemical parameters were characterized: pH, fat, acidity in lactic acid, volatile substances, Kreiss reaction, moisture and ash. The microbiological analyses focused on the count of coliforms at 44°C, count of molds and yeasts. The analyses were performed at the National Laboratory for Water and Food Hygiene (LNHAA), using the following methods: potentiometric, volumetric, modified Blig-Dyer, and gravimetric. The physicochemical results obtained for Dona Anita cheese and Sunrise cheese were: pH 5.322 0.006 and 5.200 39.55 0.007, moisture 43.59 2.15% and 2.23%, ash 3.74 0.04% and 5.75 1.40%, acidity 0.58 0.00% and 0.98 0.00%, fat 12.66 0.01% and 18.54 0.09%, volatile substances 40.25 1.69% and 44.94 4.44% The microbiological results obtained for Dona Anita cheese and Sunrise cheese were: coliforms at 44°C 1.0 x 10¹ CFU/g, molds and yeasts 1.0 x 10¹ CFU/g. The results were compared with Portuguese, Brazilian and FAO standards, due to the absence of Mozambican and African standards for cow's milk cheese and goat's milk cheese. The two samples analyzed presented results for all parameters within the standards established by current legislation. By applying the t-test for comparison of two experimental means, it was noted that the two cheese brands differ significantly (t cal > t crit) in pH, moisture, ash, fat and volatile substance content.(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)