Avaliação dos hábitos alimentares das populações nas províncias de Inhambane e Gaza - sul de Moçambique: contribuição para a avaliação de risco de exposição às micotoxinas

Abstract

The eating habits of populations vary according to the social, cultural and cultural context. economy of each region. Eating habits can be associated with the risk of exposure to contaminants such as mycotoxins. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the diet food for the populations of the Provinces of Inhambane and Gaza - southern Mozambique, in order to contribute to subsequent risk assessment of food-borne mycotoxicosis in those populations. The study was cross-sectional, quantitative and involved the participation of 148 individuals from the districts of Chókwe, Manjacaze and Chonguene, in the province of Gaza and 149 individuals from the districts of Inharrime, Massinga and Jangamo, in the province of Inhambane. Applied a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) adapted from the questionnaire validated for Portugal and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation and percentages) and inferential (one-way ANOVA and 5% Tukey test). Of the 297 individuals surveyed, the majority They were female, lived in urban areas, and had a monthly family income of 1 to 2 minimum wages. Most of the food consumed was sourced from local production. A diet of the populations in the Provinces of Gaze and Inhambane consisted of products of origin vegetable and animal. Children and the elderly were those who consumed the least food compared to to teenagers, young people and adults. The study on, through the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), provides relevant information about the eating habits of populations, validating it for application in the conditions of the southern zone of Mozambique. The diet of the population of the Districts of Chókwe, Manjacaze and Chonguene, Province of Gaza and the Districts of Inharrime, Massinga, Jangamo can be grouped into cereals, vegetables, meat, dairy products, eggs, oils and fats, sweets and drinks. However, the consumption of wheat, rice, corn and derived products as well as peanut-based dishes can represent a high potential for exposure to mycotoxins, mainly in individuals aged 18 - 29 years old (young people) and 30-59 years old age (adults). Socioeconomic and cultural factors influence the eating habits of populations of Gaza and Inhambane and must be taken into account when studying exposure of mycotoxins (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)