Análise dos factores que influenciam na desistência escolar da rapariga nas escolasprimárias das zonas rurais, estudo do caso da Escola Primária Completa de Mahau, Distrito de Matutuine, Província de Maputo entre 2018 - 2019

Abstract

The present study analyzes the main factors that influence the school dropout of the girls in primary schools in rural areas. Due to the need to limit its field of study, the research was carried out in Maputo Province, Matutuine district, in Location of Mahau, specifically in the Complete Primary School of Mahau. The search fits in the qualitative approach, with the case study being the procedure method applied. A sample of forty (40) elements among them, teachers, students, Board members and guardians, was selected from a universe of two hundred and ten (210) elements, through the criterion of non-probabilistic sampling. O questionnaire and semi-structured interview were the data collection techniques applied, while the content analysis, based on Microsoft Excel was the technique of applied data analysis. The data collected, discussed and analyzed reveal that the girl dropouts are motivated by several factors, which can be associated with school, family, society, financial and cultural conditions, as well as to the current teaching curriculum and to sexual abuse and harassment. As a consequence of dropouts girls are vulnerable to symbolic violence, go home early, do not manage their births, lose job opportunities, adopt a of life below expectations and contribute little to the development of communities. As a way of mitigating the dropout of girls, schools should adopt attractive strategies that awaken the importance of school for girls. Faced with the data observed, it is recommended to reinforce the link between the school and the community, as well as the exploitation of the 20% granted to the local curriculum for the approach of content of girls' interest.