Alguns factores bióticos e abióticos que afectam a produção de feijão nhemba -vigna unguiculata (l.) Walp. em Moçambique

Abstract

Cowpea {Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas of Africa, America and Asia under a wide variety of ecological conditions, mainly for dry seed, such as horticulture, forage and for plant cover. In Mozambique, it is the second most important legume after peanuts, occupying an estimated area of ​​around 180,000 ha with an average productivity of 300 kg/ha (Heemeskerk, 1987). Its cultivation takes place in intercropping in about 82% of the total area, with cassava crops in the North and mainly corn in the South of the country (Heemskerk, 1985). Its importance is increased by the fact that it is the most accessible source of protein used by the rural population, consuming both dry and green beans, green beans and leaves. In the production of this legume, according to the agroclimatic zones, there are a series of biotic and abiotic phytopathies that prevent the production of crops that are in line with the genetic potential of the cultivated varieties. This study will summarize the biotic factors (only diseases and nematodes) and abiotic factors that limit cowpea production in Mozambique through a bibliographic review as exhaustive as possible with the means at hand, contributing to the systematization of scattered literature from in order to facilitate research work in the area and with the following objectives: Alert to the main phytopathies of cowpea. Describe your infection cycles and symptomatology