Estudo de artemisia annua L. em Moçambique e conteúdo de artemisinina nas culturas em campo e In vitro

Abstract

In order to determine the growth rate of Artemisia annua and artemisinin content in field and in vitro cultures, the following steps were taken: A part of A. annua seeds were released in the field and in the greenhouse. Sixteen weeks after sowing, the plants were harvested and divided into leaves, stems, roots and flowers which, in turn, were divided into two halves; one was dried in an oven and the other at room temperature, the latter part was extracted with artemisinin in petroleum ether. Another part of A. annua seeds was cultivated under in vitro conditions. From the seedlings obtained, callus initiation was performed using stem and leaf explants. These calluses were then transferred to establishment media where the 2y4-D concentration was changed. The calluses were then weighed fresh and dried and then artemisinin extracted in n-hexane. Artemisia annua developed well under the conditions and season in which it was cultivated and has good characteristics for commercial exploitation. Field plants grew more than greenhouse plants. The leaf produced more artemisinin in relation to the other parts of the plant, during the vegetative phase, followed by perRores. The stems produced more artemisinin in the vegetative phase. Artemisinin was not detected in roots. Calli obtained from leaf explants in the dark had relatively higher weights than those that grew under light conditions. In calli from both stem explants and leaf explants, zar artemisinin was not detected.