O impacto do investimento directo estrangeiro e da abertura comercial no crescimento econômico em Moçambique 1991- 2006

Abstract

This paper explores the debate on the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) and liberalization on Mozambican economic growth. FDI is of fundamental importance to Developing Countries (PVDs) in particular; it is seen as an effective and efficient way of solving the financial and capacity constraints faced by most developing countries, through the transfer of capital and technology, foreign exchange gains, access to international markets, employment effects, growth and domestic savings. However, with regard to the contribution of FDI to development, there is a wide debate involving different schools or views of economic thought, namely the neoclassical, Marxist and structuralist views. The study aims to assess the contribution of FDI and Liberalization in economic growth in the Mozambican economy, critically assess its distribution by sectors and region, as well as to find out if FDI flows are creating technological and pecuniary input-output links with national companies . Most African countries lack the financial resources to make long-term investments. This lack of invisible funds (currencies) is a major constraint to economic growth, and it becomes difficult to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for 2015 as set by the United Nations. Foreign direct investment is seen as the main source of obtaining investment funds since African countries offer incentives to attract FDI, (United Nations, 2005:2) Therefore, these externalities associated with FDI depend on the absorption capacity (well-trained and qualified human resources, infrastructure, institutions, etc.) of the receiving economy The conclusion I reach regarding the impact of FDI on economic growth is that it is contributing significantly to economic growth, especially in reducing the trade balance deficit and increasing the volume of international trade through the increase in exports, an area for which greater part of the IDE is piped. (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)