Impacto do alargamento das operações de crédito dos bancos comerciais no desenvolvimento das zonas rurais

Abstract

Banks are fundamental to an economy, if evaluated by their impact on reducing the costs of financing economic activity and increasing the possibilities of temporal transfer of funds, which implies that a positive correlation can be established between the banking sector and the real sector. of the economy. This correlation largely depends on the spatial distribution structure of the operations that are characteristic of the sector. To assess this correlation between the Mozambican banking sector and the development of rural areas, the following steps were taken: I. Analysis of the Mozambique banking sector, specifically commercial banks, in order to assess the structure of the sector; II. The analysis of activity in rural areas, as a way of verifying the extent to which an expansion of credit operations by commercial banks would be beneficial to the economy as a whole; III. Establishing the relationship between the structure of the commercial banking sector and development in rural areas; The results found in this research show that there is a concentration of credit operations by commercial banks: I) in urban areas, which implies that banks do not finance the development of rural areas or agricultural activity, which for the most part is concentrated in rural areas; II) among commercial banks, which implies that the sector's development depends on some banks, which makes the sector vulnerable to shocks and the occurrence of credit risks; III) the activity in rural areas, mostly agricultural, has a great relevance with regard to its contribution to GDP, this as a result of the growth in production of both food and cash crops, but this is practiced on low levels of productivity. The concentration in the banking sector reinforces the pattern of asymmetries between urban and rural areas, and contributes to the development registered in the economy not being distributed throughout the country. This trend towards concentration of commercial bank activity reflects the lack of financial support for rural areas, which has the immediate effect of increasing the cost of financing in the development of local projects.(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)