Instituições de microfinanças: seu impacto na redução de assimetrias acesso ao crédito em Moçambique

Abstract

The present work analyzes the contribution of Microfinance institutions in reducing asymmetries in access to credit in Mozambique and aims to analyze whether the emergence of Microfinance institutions is helping the country to reduce asymmetries in access to credit, covering a number of growing number of customers, especially in rural areas, and its specific objective is to describe historical aspects of microfinance, its credit modalities, differentiate them from traditional banking and analyze its impact on reducing asymmetries in access to credit. For its preparation resorted to a bibliographical research, documentary, interviews and the descriptive, comparative and statistical method was used. However, the first Microfinance initiatives originated with the history of Grameen bank, a bank created in 1976 and made official in 1983 by Mohammad Yunus, this bank used a group credit modality, and this experience over time was expanding around the world. In Mozambique, Microfinance was carried out in the first phase by NGOs that offered credit lines to low-income population considered to be beneficiaries, this with the aim of helping them to improve their standard of living and simultaneously promote certain economic activities. However, over time these programs faced high levels of non-repayment that contributed to their failure. After this phase, microfinance activity in Mozambique shifted to a competitive approach, where two types of credit are granted in Microfinance institutions, group credit and individual credit. Note that Microfinance