Determinantes de localização industrial: estratégias corporativas que motivam a localização de indústrias em Moçambique

Abstract

The objective of this dissertation is to show which factors are determinants in Industrial Location (IL) decisions in Mozambique. A description of industrial location in Mozambique will also be made through the characteristics of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and the implication of the regional allocation of investment. The industrial location analysis will be done through case studies of five Multinational Corporations (MNCs) that are located in Mozambique. The main arguments are: FDI is concentrated in mega projects in Maputo province and in few sectors because of Maputo's economic conditions and the corporate strategies of South African and international MNCs; corporate strategies do not benefit Mozambique's development interests; and neoclassical models are not sufficient to explain LI in Mozambique. It is concluded that neoclassical models are insufficient to explain industrial location, and alternative approaches are closer to the evidence that shows an allocation of investments shaped by regional and international strategic interests, which makes static comparative advantages less important and corporate strategies more important. Another conclusion the study reaches is that FDI does not respond to neoclassical models because of the strategic interests of MNC's and no single factor alone determines the location of industries but rather the conjunction of several. The results were reached following the literature research and based on the results of the surveys on the determinants of industrial location. (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)