Estudo do comportamento da radiação solar em Moçambique

Abstract

The sun sends a large amount of energy into space, which propagates in all directions, a certain radiant energy or radiation. Hence the designation of solar radiation from the sun. The earth receives only a small part of the energy produced by the sun, responsible for the continuity of life on our planet. This energy can be used by man in the most different ways, with, for example, in the heating of water, drying of agricultural products, generation of steam, generation of electric energy, air conditioning of environments and others. Using the fundamental laws of physics, it is possible to assess the amount of radiation reaching the earth and estimate, in each instant, the various forms that the radiant solar energy takes. It may well be said that this constitutes a victory for human understanding. It is from the analysis and application of the laws of Physics to the determination of the availability of solar radiation in Mozambique that the present work is concerned. . After analyzing the spectrum of solar radiation, and its distribution at the top of the atmosphere as a function of latitude, for the various times of the year, the effect of the earth's atmosphere on solar radiation is studied, which leads to a systematic depletion of this mainly due to absorption, diffusion and the effect of clouds. The distribution of solar radiation in Mozambique is then presented and methods for its evaluation and measurement are indicated. Finally, the data available for Mozambique was analyzed and a correlation was proposed to estimate global, diffuse and direct radiation. The process for generating monthly sequences of the atmospheric brightness indices was also presented.