Rastreio de infecções de transmissão sexual em doadores de sangue no Hospital Militar de Maputo, Maio a Outubro de 2024

Abstract

Blood donation is a service of worldwide interest, as there is still no other substance that can completely replace blood tissue. Blood collection follows procedures involving several highly specialized and indispensable steps for transfusion safety, the productivity of which depends on the availability of voluntary donors and replacements free from infections transmissible through blood transfusion. It is a process that can be considered one of the greatest challenges for blood banks in the world, since infections that invalidate the donor's suitability also belong to the algorithms of sexually transmitted infections.

Therefore, the work that culminated in this report was dedicated to evaluating the suitability of donors, with the objective of screening for sexually transmitted infections in blood donors at the Maputo Military Hospital, from May to October 2024. Results: Out of a total of 210 blood donors, 57.14% were male and 42.86% were female, with a minimum age of 18 years and a maximum age of 63 years. A total of 37 donors tested positive for sexually transmitted infections, of which 21 tested positive for HIV, with 4.29% being male, 5.24% female, and 2.38% undetermined; 6 tested positive for Hepatitis B, with 0.95% being male, 1.90% female, and 0.48% undetermined;

5 for Hepatitis C with 0.95% male, 0.48% female, and 0.48% undetermined; 8 for Syphilis with 2.38% male, 1.43% female, and 0.48% undetermined. STIs still represent a public health concern, negatively impacting the availability of blood donors in quantity and quality.