Preservação e conservação do acervo bibliográfico nas bibliotecas universitárias: o caso da biblioteca sectorial da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Eduardo Mondlane (UEM)

Abstract

This work deepens the investigation into conservation and preservation practices of the bibliographic collection in the Technical Department of the Library of the Faculty of Medicine at Eduardo Mondlane University (UEM), in Mozambique. The study aims to analyse the main risks threatening this collection and propose effective preventive and corrective strategies for its safeguarding. The methodology adopted is applied in nature and qualitative in approach, characterized as exploratory research. Data collection techniques included bibliographic research, case study, questionnaires administered to four department staff members, and direct observation. The results reveal that the collection, predominantly composed of donated old books, is exposed to various deteriorating agents. Identified physical agents include inadequate temperature and humidity (a hot environment without ventilation and with leaks), and poor lighting (lack of curtains and UV-filtered lamps). Chemical agents, such as dust and atmospheric pollutants, and biological agents, such as insects and fungi, also contribute to the degradation. Additionally, mechanical agents, such as improper handling and inadequate storage in common cardboard boxes and overcrowded shelves, worsen the situation.Current conservation practices— limited to superficial and occasional cleaning—are considered ineffective by staff, who cite a lack of financial, material, and appropriate equipment resources, as well as the absence of an emergency plan, as the main challenges. In conclusion, poor storage conditions and insufficient conservation practices compromise the integrity of the collection. Recommendations include improving the building’s structural conditions, investing in adequate climate control and lighting, implementing a regular cleaning plan, ongoing training of staff in proper conservation and handling practices, developing a risk and emergency management plan, and digitizing fragile materials to ensure the longevity and accessibility of UEM’s bibliographic heritage