Análise da viabilidade financeira de produção da castanha de cajú (Anacardium occidentale), no distrito de Bilene – Gaza

Abstract

Despite the socioeconomic and historical importance of cashew, especially in the Gaza province and the Bilene district, where it receives significant attention from government institutions and NGOs, there is little discussion on the financial viability of this crop. This is reflected in the lack of scientific information regarding the profitability of the cashew production chain. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the financial viability of cashew nut production in the Bilene district, Gaza. To achieve this, the following specific objectives are proposed: (i) Identify the activities to be carried out and their respective costs and revenues; (ii) analyze the financial indicators for the viability of this production; and (iii) identify the critical points in the production process, secondary data provided by Miombo Consultores Lda was used for the execution of the work; thus, the analysis of the financial viability indicators was carried out, and the following analyses were made. The results showed that the total production costs are around 744,000 MT, The average yield is 204 kg/ha, with the main costs being salaries (32% of total costs), tools and materials (28%), cultural operation (20%), and input acquisition (6%). The financial analysis revealed that the project is viable, with good profitability (IRR of 19%), a payback period of about 8 years, and a positive NPV, indicating that the investment will be recovered. The Benefit/Cost ratio of 1.66 suggests that for every metical invested, there is a return of 66% meticais, which is an excellent indicator of financial viability. Furthermore, cashew nut production has a good financial safety margin, remaining profitable even under adverse conditions, as long as the yield does not fall below 26.180,36 MT/kg and the price of cashew does not drop below 39,02 MT/kg.