Atributos fisicos de três variedades de Batata-doce produzidas no distrito de Chibuto

Abstract

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is a strategic crop for food security in the Chibuto district, widely cultivated in three varieties: white-fleshed (PB), yellow-fleshed (PA), and orange-fleshed (PALA). The lack of data on the physical attributes of these varieties hinders the selection of the most suitable cultivars for consumption and storage. This study aimed to evaluate the physical attributes of three sweet potato varieties grown in different locations in Chibuto district, focusing on weight, weight loss during storage, texture, and specific surface area. The study was conducted in three locations (Mukotwene, Malehice, and Maniquinique) using a completely randomized design. The physical attributes of the three sweet potato varieties were assessed: weight, weight loss during storage, texture, and specific surface area. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, Tukey’s test at 5% significance, and regression analysis. The data revealed significant differences between varieties and locations. The PALA variety showed lower daily weight loss and greater post-harvest stability, making it more suitable for storage. In contrast, the PA variety exhibited higher initial weight but a higher rate of mass loss. The specific surface area increased during storage, reflecting the influence of environmental conditions on the physical structure of the roots. The interaction between variety and environment directly influenced the physical attributes of the roots. The PALA variety proved to be the most suitable for commercial purposes and prolonged storage. The analysis of specific surface area stood out as a useful parameter in post-harvest quality assessment, reinforcing the need for varietal selection strategies adapted to local conditions