Avaliação dos efeitos da fragmentação de florestas do Corredor de Futi sobre as comunidades de avifauna do Parque Nacional de Maputo

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of forest fragmentation in the Futi Corridor, Maputo National Park (PNAM), on the richness and diversity of avifauna communities, focusing on the influence of fragment size. Testing the Habitat Amount Hypothesis (HAH) and the Island Biogeography Theory, the study identified 96 bird species in 12 forest fragments, totaling 547 individuals. The methodology involved a bird survey using the fixed-point method, analysis of Landsat 8 images to delimit fragments, calculations of diversity indices (Shannon and Simpson), and Poisson regression to assess the relationship between area and specific richness. The results indicated a moderate correlation (r = 0.65) between fragment size and species richness, with larger fragments (e.g., Fragment 10, 8217.72 m2, 46 species) showing greater diversity compared to smaller fragments (e.g., Fragment 1, 42.39 m2, 6 species). However, area explained only 16% of the variation in species richness (R2 = 0.157), suggesting that factors such as connectivity, habitat quality, and resource availability may also influence biodiversity. The species accumulation curve confirmed the adequacy of the sampling effort. For conservation, it is recommended to prioritize the preservation of larger fragments and promote connectivity between smaller fragments, reducing the impacts of fragmentation and anthropic pressure on the PNAM. (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)