Avaliação do actual sistema de gestão de resíduos sólidos no município de Maputo e dos seus impactos sociais e ambientais

Abstract

The study addresses the issue of inadequate solid waste management in the municipality of Maputo, highlighting the environmental and social impacts resulting from the current system. The overall objective was to assess these impacts and propose strategies for their mitigation, considering more sustainable practices aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The methodology used integrated a literature review and practical analysis. Visits were conducted to the entities responsible for solid waste management (SWM), along with direct observation of each phase of the process to collect data. For the discussion of results, environmental and social impact indicators were initially selected as a basis for identifying and assessing potential environmental and social impacts at each stage of the current SWM system. Based on these indicators, the main challenges faced by the system were also identified. Finally, a set of measures was proposed to improve the solid waste management system, making it more efficient and sustainable. The results show that the current solid waste management system is characterized by inadequate practices, such as the lack of proper waste containers and well-maintained collection vehicles, as well as the use of unsuitable locations for final disposal. The challenges faced by the system include a lack of modern infrastructure and low public awareness. The potential environmental impacts of the current solid waste management system include soil and groundwater pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, public health risks, unpleasant odors, pest proliferation, and unsanitary conditions in areas near disposal sites.