Impacto da integração da microgeração fotovoltaica em redes de distribuição de energia eléctrica de baixa tensão

Abstract

The present study is part of a context in which the world is facing an economic crisis associated with an energy crisis. With climate changes and inflation reaching unprecedented levels in many world economies, it has become clear how fragile the world is, specially the under countries development where access to basic goods and services (such as electricity) still represents a dilemma. With the recent outbreak of renewable energies, these countries can benefit from the use of these sources. Therefore, studying mechanisms on how to turn the low voltage consumer in also into an energy producer can significantly boost the much desired energetic transition. In this sense, the present study sought to investigate the technical implications of the integration of these renewable sources, namely, the photovoltaic microgeneration in low voltage networks, where it was found that with the gradual increase in dispersed production connected to the grid, the same becomes more susceptible to occurrence of variations (more specifically, variations in voltage levels) which may result in violations of limits previously established in accordance with the National Grid Code. Given this scenario, it became evident that studying measures of control and regulation was necessary, where it was concluded that series compensation strategies (using a power transformer) and parallel compensation strategies (using a capacitor bank) can be effective to ensure the grid stability.