Análise das técnicas de manutenção da linha EL15 de média tensão no troço Marracuene – Bobole

Abstract

Air pollution generated by the cement industry is a critical issue for occupational and environmental health, due to the emission of fine particles such as PM10 and PM2.5. These particles are associated with several negative impacts, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases for workers and neighboring communities. This study analyzes the concentration of these particles at the Limak Cimentos S.A. plant, assessing health risks and compliance with established standards. For the analysis, environmental monitoring data provided by Limak Cimentos were used, covering the period from 2020 to 2024. These data included annual measurements of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations at different locations. A statistical analysis was performed to identify temporal trends and the results were compared with the WHO limits and the limits of Mozambican legislation (LM). Additionally, the William T. Fine method was applied to assess risks in the workplace, specifically in the cement production phase, and measures were subsequently proposed to mitigate the risks associated with this activity. The results of the risk assessment indicated that activities related to cement grinding and storage of raw materials presented the highest levels of hazard, with GP values ​​ranging from 900 to 2500. The data indicated that, in the first years of the period analyzed, concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 exceeded WHO limits in several locations, with 2022 standing out as having recorded excesses of WHO and LM limits. This coincided with an increase in occupational diseases, such as respiratory infections and chemical dermatitis. With regard to occupational diseases, there were variations in the incidence of respiratory problems, which peaked in 2023 (53 cases). High blood pressure showed a gradual increase, rising from 9 cases in 2020 to 39 cases in 2024, standing out as one of the conditions of greatest concern(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)