Salvaguarda do património arqueologico em zonas de implantação de mega-projectos: caso de estudo do terminal ferro-portuário de Nacala-à-Velha.

Abstract

The safeguarding of the Archaeological Heritage appears as a decisive moment to minimize its destruction, fundamentally, due to human factors (construction of enterprises). It is on this basis that measures to mitigate and publicize the Archaeological Heritage in Nacala-à-Velha have been proposed, thus ensuring its integrity as a component of collective memory. Despite the existence of a legal framework on the protection of Cultural and Archaeological Heritage in Mozambique, projects carried out without EIA in areas where Mega-Projects are located are notable. The Archaeological Heritage still faces gaps regarding its inclusion in the Environmental Impact Assessment, in the leading to a situation of legal non-compliance and ignorance. The present work analyzes the Safeguarding of the Archaeological Heritage, as a multifaceted process (phases and technical procedures), which are inserted in the research stages from practical situations in order to understand the problem that contributes to the weak production and execution of the Archeology works Safeguard. In this context, in addition to the place under study in the present work (Nacala-à-Velha), it was pertinent to extend the analysis to other areas of implementation of Mega-Projects in Mozambique, in order to carry out a comparative study and materialize the objectives of work. This analysis mainly contributed to the elaboration of a proposal for a model of phases and technical procedures for the safeguarding of Archaeological Heritage in the country, in order to face the problems that the present work deals with.