Compostagem comunitária como estratégia de mitigação de emissões de GEE: análise baseada na caracterização de resíduos domésticos – caso de estudo Bairro de Nkobe

Abstract

This study evaluates the potential of community composting as a strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, based on the characterization of household solid waste in the Nkobe neighborhood, in the municipality of Matola. The selection of this study location – Nkobe, was driven by gaps identified in the local waste management system, with the aim of implementing solutions focused on organic waste management. The study includes an analysis of the population's perception of solid waste management, the characterization and gravimetric quantification of waste, the feasibility potential for composting, and the estimation of methane emission reductions associated with the adoption of community composting, as well as the sizing of the necessary composters. The methodology used was based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches, including a literature review, interviews with residents to assess their perception of waste management, andanalysis of the physical aspects of the waste. The results of this study indicated that approximately 30% of the household solid waste generated in the neighborhood is organic waste with potential for composting. The implementation of community composting, combined with educational strategies and policies, could initially capture 20% of organic waste, diverting about 1,4 tons of waste per year generated solely from the households in the neighborhood. With improved practices and increased community participation, it is estimated that this capture rate could reach up to 70%, diverting approximately 2 tons of waste annually. This process significantly reduces carbon emissions into the atmosphere, contributes to the mitigation of greenhouse gases, and has the potential to generate carbon credits.