Estudo das características do betão branco comparado ao betão cinzento e sua aplicação em projectos de engenharia

Abstract

Mozambique, due to its geographical location, is a country vulnerable to cyclones, which affect the various sectors of activity, causing major damage, such as the destruction of social infrastructures including: health (hospitals), education (schools and universities), public facilities (community housing and prisons) and transportation (railroads and roads). In recent years, this event has been repeated with greater frequency and magnitude, hence the need for studies to verify the integrity of existing infrastructures and to pay special attention to future infrastructures. This project is the culmination of a degree in Civil Engineering, in which a dissertation was written on: "Comparative study of metal trusses for two-slope roofs in the face of climate change". The building studied has a rectangular geometry with plan dimensions of 40 meters in span and 64 meters in length, pillar height of 10 meters and a two-slope roof with an inclination of 10 degrees. The study was carried out at the level of Cidade da Matola district, at district level, it was possible to carry out a survey of the project loads. Then, using the Eurocode (EC1), it was possible to assess the load situations caused by natural actions (the wind). Based on the actions caused by the wind, the behavior of the structure was evaluated using the structural calculation software Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional 2024 (student version). Then, depending on the resulting efforts, the profile of the metal slab was defined (chosen) using the catalogs of the company "O Feliz". Using the technical tables, it was also possible to define the purlins and the elements of the main frame: trusses (lower and upper flange, diagonals and uprights) and column. Based on Eurocode 3 (EC3), the selected profiles were checked. The study was presented in stages, due to the quantification of the self-weight, and the first design was for the plates, followed by the purlins, trusses and column.t was concluded that, when constructing buildings with metal trusses, the use of Warren- type truss solutions with square-section profiles is more advantageous, as it allows for a significant reduction in weight/cost. Finally, a superficial analysis was made of the structure's connection elements, plate - purlin, purlin - truss, truss – column and column - anchor bolt. In general, the structure and the connections were determined with the most severe combination: self-weight and wind causing suction. The drawings resulting from the design are presented as an appendix and were drawn up using the "Advance Steel 2024 - English student version" software.