Análise do risco de inundações do Distrito de Chókwè, na Província de Gaza através do método AHP

Abstract

The Chóckwè District in Mozambique is a flood-prone region due to its geographical location and environmental features. This study aims to assess the risk of flooding in the area using the Hierarchical Analysis Method (AHP). AHP is a multi-criteria decision-making technique that allows the integration of several factors in risk assessment. For this study, criteria such as slope, geology, land use, soil types, vegetation and altimetry were considered. The research included the collection of meteorological, hydrological and geographic data, as well as information on past flood events. The data was analyzed and weighted with the help of AHP to determine the areas most vulnerable to flooding. The results indicate that certain areas of the district present a significantly higher risk, which can be attributed to the low elevation, proximity to the Limpopo River, and high population density. The assessment also revealed the need for specific mitigation measures, such as the construction of dikes, early warning systems and evacuation plans. This study provides a solid basis for the planning and implementation of flood risk management strategies in the district of Chóckwè, aiming to reduce the impact of these events on the population and local infrastructure.