Perfil de sensibilidade á antibióticos da escherichia coli isolada de fezes de bovinos em farmas localizadas próximo ao Parque Nacional de Maputo

Abstract

Antibiotics have been used for several years to treat various diseases in humans as well as animals. However, over the years, it was noticed that some antibiotics were losing their effectiveness due to the ability that microorganisms acquired to resist them, which results in deaths and more expensive treatments due to resorting to a second line of medication or even prolonged use of the same. Little is known about the rate of antibiotic resistance in veterinary practice in Mozambique. The present study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity to different antibiotics of Escherichia coli isolated from feces of cattle belonging to breeders from 8 locations located in areas close to Maputo National Park. After collecting the samples, the bacteria were isolated on MacConkey agar and identified using Gram staining and biochemical tests. The sensitivity of E. coli was evaluated by the agar diffusion method to the antibiotics amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline and tetracycline. From November 2022 to June 2023, 120 bovine fecal samples were collected and analyzed, from which 114 Escherichia coli cultures were obtained. Of these, 37 were tested for antibiotic sensitivity. Tetracycline was the most effective antibiotic (95%) and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid was the antibiotic whose bacteria showed the greatest resistance (8.1%). According to breeders in the locations where the samples were collected, amoxicillin is one of the most widely used antibiotics in the treatment of animals, which may explain the high resistance of bacteria to this antibiotic when compared to others.(TRADUÇÂO NOSSA)