Frequência das infecções por Neisseria gonorrhoeae e Trichomonas vaginalis e factores de risco associados à estas infecções em pacientes dos 18 aos 49 anos de idade, atendidos no Hospital Provincial de Tete

Abstract

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a Gram-negative intra- and extracellular diplococcus that mainly infects the cells of the lower genital tract and in rarer cases the epithelium of the rectum, oropharynx and conjunctiva. The natural course of gonorrhea in women remains less understood than in men, partly due to the frequency of co-infection with other pathogens such as C. trachomatis and T. vaginalis. Trichomonas vaginalis is the etiological agent of trichomoniasis, an infection that is sexually transmitted or transmitted through contaminated fomites. The study aimed to estimate the frequency of infections by N. gonorrhoeae, T. vaginalis and the risk factors associated with these infections, in patients aged 18 to 49 years treated at the Tete Provincial Hospital (HPT) from June to July 2022. To achieve the aforementioned objective, study patients were subjected to a written questionnaire, fresh examinations were performed for the diagnosis of T. vaginalis, genital culture examination and Gram stain for the diagnosis of N. gonorrhoea. The data obtained were then transported to the SPSS statistical package version 22, where absolute and relative frequency (percentage) calculations were made, the chi-square test to identify the association between the variables and Cramer's V2 to assess the magnitude of these associations. All statistical inferences were performed at the 5% significance level. After analyzing the results obtained, it was found that the absolute and relative frequencies of infections in 205 patients were 42 and 20.5% respectively for N. gonorrhoeae and for T. vaginalis they were 51 and 24.9% respectively. The risk factors associated with N. gonorrhoeae and T. vaginalis infections in patients aged 18 to 49 years were: type of marital relationship, alcohol intake, use of vaginal douches, introduction of roots or objects to increase sexual pleasure, number of sexual partners in the last 3 months, number of occasional sexual partners in the last 3 months, type of contraceptive method used, having ever had a vaginal/urethral ulcer, and if so, having been treated in a health unit (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)