Avaliação do perfil de doadores e das taxas de rejeição e resposta às solicitações de pedidos de sangue nos serviços de sangue na cidade e província de Maputo entre 2019-2023

Abstract

Blood is a fundamental fluid present in the human body and in many other vertebrate organisms. Blood has a number of essential functions, such as transporting nutrients, oxygen and hormones to cells, eliminating metabolic waste, regulating body temperature and protecting against infections and diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of donors and the rejection and response rates to blood requests in blood services in the city and province of Maputo between 2019-2023. This study is an analytical cross-sectional study, with a retrospective approach that consists of a documentary analysis with the objective of knowing the profile of donors and the rejection and response rates to blood requests, which correspond to the three-year period, from January 2019 to December 2023. The study was carried out in three blood banks, namely the blood bank of the Matola Provincial Hospital, the José Macamo General Hospital and the National Blood Service (SENASA). The data were collected and archived in accordance with national and international legal requirements, and were typed and archived on computers and analyzed. A total of 4,408 donation candidates applied to SENASA. Of these, 875 (18.14%) were excluded in the clinical-historical selection/screening using the Donor History Questionnaire (HDQ). Males had a higher number of rejections for blood donation compared to females and the ages of those rejected ranged from 16 to 67 years of age of potential donors. A higher frequency of rejection was observed in 2019 with 64% (n=560) with the main reason for rejection being cardiovascular diseases with 23.09% of rejection and the lowest frequency in 2020 with 3.22% (n=28). The main reason for rejection was cardiovascular diseases with 1.14%. 1765 requests for blood bags were requested at the blood bank of the Matola Provincial Hospital, of which 89.51% (n=1580) were met and at the José Macamo General Hospital 2,074 blood bags were requested for transfusion, of which 95.95% (n=1990) were met satisfactorily and the most common type of blood component was the concentration of red blood cells in both hospitals.(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)