Avaliação da fitotoxicidade de herbicidas pré-emergentes em seis culturas

Abstract

In order to evaluate the phytotoxicity of five pre-emergent herbicides in six crops, in weed control, a field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Campus of the Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Engineering of UEM, from April to May 2023. A randomized complete block experimental design (DBCC) was used, in a 6x6 factorial scheme, with six crops (corn, peanuts, cowpeas, lettuce, carrots and sesame), five herbicides (metribuzin, lumax, pendi metalina, MCPA and bala) and control (water) as treatments. In the crops, the phytotoxicity of the herbicides, plant height and biomass at 30 DAA were evaluated at 7, 14 and 21 DAA. For the same period, weed control, weed type, abundance and coverage were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and comparison of means using the Tukey test and t-test (carrot cultivation), both at 5% significance. The results showed that all herbicides were selective for corn crops. In cowpeas, Metribuzin, MCPA and Pendimethalin showed selectivity to the crop, in peanuts, MCPA and Metribuzin were selective to the crop and, in turn, Metribuzin was selective to carrots. In sesame crops, the herbicides Metribuzin and Pendimethalin caused the total destruction of the crop. The same scenario was observed in the cowpea crop after application of the herbicides Lumax and Bullet, which caused the total destruction of the crop. The best performance in weed control was observed with the application of the herbicides Lumax and Bullet (100% and 97.5%). Metribuzin was the herbicide that presented the best performance in the phytotoxicity variable in all crops and in terms of plant height and biomass weight. In corn crops, Pendimethalin, Bullet, Lumax and Metribuzin provided the best results, and in peanut, cowpea and carrot crops, metribuzin presented the best results(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)