Uma reflexão sobre os limites da liberdade civil em Jonh Stuart Mil

Abstract

This bibliographical research is under the theme: A reflection on the limits of civil liberty in John Stuart Mill. The philosopher in question was instructed by his father until he reached the intellectual maturity that allowed him to develop his philosophical thinking. Mill published different works, including "On Liberty", which served as the basis for the present investigation. Freedom comprises a polysemous concept, however, Mill approaches freedom in a political and social sense. Civil liberty constituted a key condition for happiness and social well-being, and consequently for the social, political and economic stability of the State. Society has the right to impose sanctions on individuals if they jeopardize freedom of others and if it violates the law, but otherwise, it should not interfere in matters that only concern to the individual. The imposition of majority rule on individualities constitutes an obstacle to individual and societal development, therefore, it is important to protect the individual against the tyranny of the majority. Civil liberty may be limited by the principles of self-protection, damage and civil incapacity. Freedom of opinion and expression are important for the human improvement and its legitimacy resides in human fallibility. If people are different natures, so it is fair that they have different thoughts. Finally, society must prevent the despotism of customs.(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)