Prevalência da sífilis e factores de risco em mulheres grávidas atendidas no Centro de Saúde de Malhangalene na Cidade de Maputo

Abstract

Syphilis is a chronic infectious disease transmitted sexually or vertically during pregnancy, despite being a treatable disease, it still remains one of the health problems health at a global level. The disease affects all genders and all age groups. In women positive pregnant women, syphilis causes serious harm to the fetus when the woman does not receive treatment or when receiving inadequate treatment. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of syphilis and risk factors in pregnant women attending prenatal consultations from the Malhangalene Health Center. This was a cross-sectional study, with a descriptive approach and quantitative, with prospective data collection. The study took place between the months of September to October 2017 at the Malhangalene Health Center, in the City of Maputo. The sampling it was non-probabilistic for convenience. All pregnant women who presented themselves in the room prenatal consultation at the CSM were selected consecutively as they entered until complete the sample size (99). Data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire composed of three sections: sociodemographic data, medical history data and data behavioral. Data was organized into tables and graphs and analyzed using the package statistical SPSS version 20. To test the association between the independent variables and the variable dependent (syphilis) the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used. The prevalence of syphilis in the CSM was 6.1%. The data showed a higher prevalence of syphilis in pregnant women aged between 30 and 49 years (50%), single and married (50%), with secondary education (50%), domesticas (66.7%), with only one sexual partner (100%), aged at first sexual intercourse between 15 and 20 years (83.3%), age at first pregnancy between 21 and 25 years (83.3%) and 50% of these women are HIV positive. The risk factor associated with seropositivity for syphilis that is showed statistically significant after univariate analysis was the level of education. It is concluded that sociodemographic factors are significantly associated with the maintenance of seroprevalence of syphilis in the CSM and that there is a need for deeper studies and plans priorities aimed at educational bodies, communities, that there is investment so that the testing for syphilis occurs routinely in health services, so that there is diagnosis and early treatment.