O Totalitarismo em Hannah Arendt: uma reflexão sobre a moral face à banalidade do mal

Abstract

This monograph is entitled “Totalitarianism in Hannah Arendt: a reflection on morality in the face of the banality of evil”. The research problem raised in this monograph consists of the fact that some societies are deeply marked by totalitarian forms of government, which manifest themselves quite emphatically in tendentially totalitarian societies. In such a context, it is noted that rights are suppressed. The relevance of this monograph is justified by taking into account three dimensions: personal, scientific and social. In the first dimension, the personal dimension, the research proposal represents a concern that arises from socio-political metamorphoses, such as the deprivation of liberty, the violation of human rights, the failure to punish the abuse of power, which encourage the emergence of totalitarian regimes, as well as the practice of actions that violate ethics and morals, such as the lack of ethics in politics, the replacement of human ethical values ​​by dubious actions/conduct, absolutely reprehensible acts. At a scientific level, the monograph may contribute, serving as a basis for future research related to the same themes under discussion, since it is known that this research does not aim in any way to solve the problem once and for all, but to show the possible paths to be followed in order to achieve a balanced society. At a social level, the monograph is relevant because it helps contemporary societies to bring perspectives that can serve as a guide for achieving effective peace and ensuring social well-being. The monograph has the following general objective: to analyze totalitarianism from the perspective of Hannah Arendt, highlighting the place of morality in the face of the banality of evil. In this way, the following specific objectives emerge: to contextualize the debate on totalitarianism in Arendt; to discuss the meaning of morality in the face of the banality of evil; to debate totalitarianism as the matrix of moral fatalism in contemporary societies. The bibliographic method was used to approach the monograph, which consists of consulting works by Hannah Arendt and other works related to the theme under study. The thesis defended in this monograph is articulated when political power is used arbitrarily, individuals are left out of decisions in countries where authoritarianism emerges. In terms of structure, the monograph is divided into three (3) chapters. The first chapter is entitled; the contextualization of the debate on totalitarianism in Hannah Arendt. The second chapter is entitled; the meaning of ethics in the face of the banality of evil. The third chapter is entitled; totalitarianism as the matrix of moral fatalism in contemporary times.(TRADUÇAO NOSSA)