Estudo retrospectivo de neoplasias caninas diagnosticadas na SAP, entre 2010 a 2021 e descrição de dois casos clínicos de linfoma hepatoesplênico e epiteliotrópico

Abstract

The occurrence of neoplasms in the canine species is on the rise, and they more frequently affect certain breeds, sexes and ages. animals of certain breeds, sex and age, factors that help in the targeting of the diagnosis. Neoplasms are one of the main causes of mortality in dogs, and Amongst the most frequent neoplasms is lymphoma, a malignant neoplasm that accounts for between 7 and 24 per cent of corresponds to around 7 to 24% of all canine neoplasms, 83% of haematopoietic neoplasms and around 80% of cases occur in the multicellular form. 80% of cases are multicentric. The aim of this study was to a retrospective study of canine neoplasms diagnosed in the Pathological Pathology Section (SAP) between 2010 and 2021 and to describe two cases of canine lymphoma treated at the Veterinary School Hospital (HEV). The study was based on SAP files and analysed the distribution of neoplasms. the distribution of neoplasms according to breed, sex, age group, location, origin, behaviour and type of neoplasm. During the period evaluated, 448 samples were received and the prevalence of neoplasms was 57.2 per cent. The most affected breeds were SRD (28.12 per cent), Lion Rhodesian Lion (11.64 per cent) and German Shepherd (11.24 per cent). Females (60 per cent) were the most affected. The adults (39 per cent) and the elderly (47 per cent) were the most commonly diagnosed with neoplasms. The highest prevalence of neoplasms was observed in the skin (30.3 per cent), mammary gland (24.6 per cent) and soft tissues (10 per cent). The highest prevalence of neoplasms was observed in the skin (30.3%), mammary gland (24.6%) and soft tissues (10%).The most diagnosed neoplasms were mesenchymal (61.9 per cent), epithelial (35.4 per cent), most of which were malignant (54 per cent). Mammary adenocarcinoma (12.4%), venereal tumour tumour (10.2%) and mastocytoma (9.3%) were the most prevalent neoplasms. Two cases of lymphoma in dogs were also described: patient 1 (P1): American Bulldog, female, 5 years old, presented with progressive weight loss, slight abdominal distension and firm on palpation. palpation and patient 2 (P2): Boerboel, male, 4 years old, with progressive weight loss and ulcerative lesions ulcerative lesions on the skin all over the body. Physical, haematological and biochemical examinations revealed paraneoplastic signs such as: anaemia, anorexia, cachexia (P1 and P2), lymphocytosis, hyperproteinaemia (P1), thrombocytopenia and neutropenia (P2) and increased LDH (P1). After unsuccessful palliative therapy and due to the worsening clinical condition of the patients, they were euthanised. patients, they were euthanised and the corpses sent to SAP for post-mortem examination. post-mortem examination. The histopathological examination established a definitive diagnosis of: (P1) hepatosplenic nodular and infiltrative high-grade diffuse lymphoblastic lymphoma and (P2) epitheliotropic lymphoma of the epitheliotropic lymphoma of the Sézary syndrome type with low-grade, diffuse lymphocytic liver and kidney metastases. lymphocytic. The animals were at stage IV (P1) and V (P2) and both at sub-stage "B", with a poor prognosis. (TRADUÇAO NOSSA)