Inventário de emissões veiculares na região metropolitana de Maputo

Abstract

Around the world and particularly in Mozambique, the transport sector has been associated with increased emissions of atmospheric pollutants, with consequent problems for the environment. This study's main objective was to demonstrate the contribution of motor vehicles to the emission of air pollutants in the metropolitan region of Maputo and the respective impacts on public health. The determination of vehicle air pollutant emissions was based on the emissions inventory technique and the emissions of CO, NOx, HC, PM, CO2 and N2O were estimated and the quantification. The values in tons were 3,037 of CO, 12,559 of NOx, 345.109 of HC Total, 7,534,203 of CO2, 402 of MP and 402.53 of N2O. Diesel cycle vehicles had more significant emissions of air pollutants, especially NOx, PM, CO2 and N2O, while Otto cycle vehicles have high HC Total emissions. High exposure to these pollutants, namely, CO causes dizziness, unconsciousness and death, to NOx increases susceptibility to respiratory infections and respiratory diseases, mainly asthma, to PM causes premature death in people with heart or lung diseases, nonfatal heart attacks, increased of respiratory symptoms, HC Totals causes headaches and some are considered carcinogenic and as for CO2 and N2O, their impacts do not directly reflect public health but rather global warming. To control the level of these emissions, some methods can be used, including vehicle inspection and maintenance programs, economic policies and more.