Análise do papel da educação ambiental na redução do conflito homem fauna bravia no Parque Nacional de Maputo

Abstract

Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) occurs when the needs and behavior of wild animals have a negative impact on human objectives or when human objectives have a negative impact on the needs of wildlife. This study aims to analyze the role of environmental education (EE) in reducing CHFB in Maputo National Park (PNM). It is descriptive in nature and takes a qualitative approach. through semi-structured interviews and systematic observation, to gather the feelings and opinions of the communities and those responsible for the management of the PNM about CHFB. Non-probabilistic convenience sampling was used, with a sample of 15 individuals, including 10 community members, 3 community leaders and 2 park managers. The data was processed and analyzed using the content analysis method proposed by Bardim (2016). The implications of CHFB in the PNM are the destruction of agricultural crops, a reduction in the number of domestic animals, the loss of wildlife grazing areas and ecological imbalance. It was also found that the community and the park use lethal reactive techniques/methods (chasing animals away with firearms) and non-lethal ones (fencing off cultivation areas) to reduce the impact of CHFB. Although the PNM does not have a specific environmental education program aimed at combating CHFB, it does carry out awareness-raising activities, including ecological excursions and environmental education sessions on various topics, including deforestation and poaching. It can be concluded that the managers and communities of the PNM recognize the importance that environmental education plays in promoting actions in favour of wildlife conservation (TRADUÇAO NOSSA)