Impacto socio-económico da mineração artesanal: caso das famílias residentes na área de conservação transfronteiriça de Chimanimani, distrito de Sussundenga

Abstract

This research report analyzes the socioeconomic impact of artisanal mining, commonly called gold mining, practiced in the Chimanimani Transfrontier Conservation Area, in the district of Sussundenga, province of Manica in the period 2007-2009. The study is done in a context in which the artisanal mining approach is associated with the issues of sustainable development of natural resources. In effect in this study, the theoretical approach follows the assumptions of ecological anthropology, according to which, the use and exploitation of natural resources as a basis for the sustainability of human existence must be done without compromising future generations. Being a case study and of a qualitative character, it privileged as research techniques: semi-structured interviews, following an interview guide alongside informal conversations, observation and photographic record. The results show that this activity, despite the negative impact from the ecological point of view, derived from the production process, it occupies the second place after family farming, in the occupation of rural labor and provides income for the families that dedicate themselves to it. On the other hand, due to the dispersed and uncontrolled form that is practiced in some areas of the reserve, it shows that not only makes environmental sustainability difficult, but also human sustainability. As a way of overcoming this situation and avoiding cleavages between police forces and illegal gold miners, they consider that it would be prudent for there to be an understanding with the authorities in order to find ways to reconcile the mining with the tourist activity in ways that can be removed. benefits of both features. (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)