Estudo comparativo do uso de sementes de moringa oleífera e sulfato de alumínio no tratamento de águas do tanque de armazenamento dos CFM

Abstract

This report is the product of a three-month internship, enriched by with professional experience in the Ports and Railways of Mozambique Company (CFM) and conducting laboratory tests, linked to the topic under study. Displays the quality status of wastewater from the station's storage tank CFM and makes an assessment of the efficiency of the method used in the process of treatment of water, namely, coagulation / flocculation with aluminum sulphate as standard, and coagulation / flocculation with Moringa seeds, varying the concentrations of coagulants. Tests were carried out with the raw effluent samples, collected in the September to December of the year 2011. This work falls within the scope of water treatment at an industrial level and comes from this contribute to reducing the destruction of marine life and in conjunction with the institutions that take care of the environment, promote low cost technologies, in the sense of avoid contamination of wastewater collection media and protect aquatic life. The analysis of CFM wastewater, before and after treatment with coagulants, was held at the National Laboratory of Food and Water Hygiene (LNHAA) of the Ministry of Health (MISAU). The analysis included the following quality parameters water: pH, conductivity, color, deposit, turbidity, nitrates, nitrites, chlorides, ammonia, total hardness, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and fecal coliforms. In the treatment with aluminum sulfate (4mg / L) there was a huge reduction in BOD, microbiological load, turbidity, conductivity, nitrites and nitrates and color reduction. There was also a great reduction in the pH of the raw effluent (EB). There was no significant variation in chloride content, hardness and ammonia. With Moringa seeds (concentrations 12mg / L and 16mg / L) the possibility of reducing the content of chlorides and color; however, there was a certain increase in the content of nitrates, nitrites and ammonia in in relation to EB, increased turbidity. The BOD value was not changed and the microbiological load. The results of the statistical treatment confirmed that there is a difference significant difference between the results of analysis of the EB samples with the two coagulants. As a result of this work, an adequate dosage of Moringa oleifera was obtained for the treatment conditions of the studied effluent (4mg / L).