Avaliação dos produtos florestais não madeireiros mais explorados em diferentes níveis de degradação da vegetação de Mopane em Mabalane

Abstract

Currently, there is greater concern about the degradation of Mozambique's forests, as well as the mopane vegetation of the District of Mabalane as a result of various activities such as the great pressure of firewood cutting, charcoal production, uncontrolled fires, etc., these factors contribute in the reduction of biodiversity, in particular of forest species that provide NTFPs. With this situation, the NFPFM assessment study was carried out, centered on the list of potential species producing various non-wood products and to quantify the main most exploited NFPM in three levels of degradation classified in the study for mopane vegetation, which comprise low, medium and high. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were carried out with the communities of Mabalane who directly or indirectly use the NTFPs for subsistence and to generate income. The modified Hansen - Hurwitz estimators of adaptive conglomerate sampling are the ones that were used for the quantification of the most explored NTFP. It was observed that of the several species producing PFNM raised from the interviewees, the species of the Fabacea family were the most mentioned with 18.8% frequency, and rarely other families represented by the species Strychnos spinosa, Sclerocarya birrea and Vangueria infausta were rarely mentioned. To verify that the food category was the most highlighted by the communities that harvest non-wood products in the mopane vegetation, such as wild fruits that include mafura (Trichilia emetica), canhú (Sclerocarya birrea), ata (Annona senegalensis) and mafirwa (Vangueria infausta). Still in the food category, communities explore Currently, there is greater concern about the degradation of Mozambique's forests, as well as the mopane vegetation of the District of Mabalane as a result of various activities such as the great pressure of firewood cutting, charcoal production, uncontrolled fires, etc., these factors contribute in the reduction of biodiversity, in particular of forest species that provide NTFPs. With this situation, the NFPFM assessment study was carried out, centered on the list of potential species producing various non-wood products and to quantify the main most exploited NFPM in three levels of degradation classified in the study for mopane vegetation, which comprise low, medium and high. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were carried out with the communities of Mabalane who directly or indirectly use the NTFPs for subsistence and to generate income. The modified Hansen - Hurwitz estimators of adaptive conglomerate sampling are the ones that were used for the quantification of the most explored NTFP. It was observed that of the several species producing PFNM raised from the interviewees, the species of the Fabacea family were the most mentioned with 18.8% frequency, and rarely other families represented by the species Strychnos spinosa, Sclerocarya birrea and Vangueria infausta were rarely mentioned. To verify that the food category was the most highlighted by the communities that harvest non-wood products in the mopane vegetation, such as wild fruits that include mafura (Trichilia emetica), canhú (Sclerocarya birrea), ata (Annona senegalensis) and mafirwa (Vangueria infausta). Still in the food category, communities explore products such as mopane larva (Imbrasia belina), bee honey and edible mushrooms in the same vegetation. Bee honey was the most explored NTFP in individuals of Colophospermum mopane, in which the hives coupled to these individuals were quantified and resulted in a greater amount of the average number of 2.1 hives per hectare at the mean level of degradation and less than 1, 3 at the level of deforestation or high, requiring a management plan for the high level. (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)