Caracterização química do óleo e das sementes da Ffuta de Vangueria infausta - Mapfilua

Abstract

Vangueria infausta is a native species of Mozambique and some countries in southern Africa. In southern Mozambique (in Tsonga) it is better known as "Npfilua" and its fruit as "Mapfilua". Its fruits are edible, being used as food by people and wild animals. The other parts of the plant are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. The present work had as objective to make a preliminary preliminary phytochemical analysis of the seed (shell and kernel) of V. infausta fruit and to determine the physicochemical characteristics of the seed kernel of the fruit of V. infausta and its oil obtained by Soxhlet. The phytochemical tests of the almond and seed coat were performed using the specific reagents specific reagents normally used for the identification of each type of secondary metabolites. The physicochemical analyses of the oil and the fruit seed kernel were performed according to different methods of chemical analysis (classical and instrumental) described in the literature, in use in the IIAM and LNHAA laboratories. The phytochemical screening of the seed coat of V. infausta revealed the presence of saponins flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones, steroids/triterpenoids; the existence of alkaloids was not evidenced. alkaloids. In the seed kernel, in addition to saponins, flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones steroids/triterpenoids, alkaloids were also identified. The physicochemical results of the kernel analysis showed average values of moisture 5.76%, ash 1.94%, reducing sugars 0.71%, non reducing sugars 1.29%, crude fiber 9.71%, crude protein 16.93%, oil content 49.85% and mineral contents: Fe 6.04 mg/100 g, Na 26.32 mg/100 g, P 54.20 mg/100 g and K 434.40 mg/100 g. In the oil the contents obtained in the physicochemical analyses were: density 0.86 g/mL, refractive index 1.4702, peroxide index 13.64 meq.O 2 /Kg, iodine value 122.02 g/100 g, acid value 1.59 mg KOH/g and saponification value 203.28 mg KOH/g. The results obtained in this study, revealed that the kernel of the fruit seed of V. infausta has nutritional and medicinal potential. (TRADUÇAO NOSSA)