Análises quantitativas da composição nutricional - polissacarídeos, lípidos totais e minerais em macroalgas marinhas, mais abundantes na ilha de Inhaca, província de Maputo, Moçambique

Abstract

The present work had as main objective to analyze the nutritional composition (Polysaccharides, Total Lipids and Minerals) in Marine Macroalgae collected in Inhaca Island. Province of Maputo. The choice was made using the following criteria: seaweed abundance, easy to obtain, and not a species that had its polysaccharides, total lipids and Minerals studied for the determination of their levels, were identified using the taxonomic identification key, and compared the macroalgae that are in the herbarium of the Inhaca Marine Biology Station. For the quantification of polysaccharides the method of Dubois et al. (1956), in the determination of total lipids was made the hot solvent extraction by the Soxhlet method and for the determination of minerals was used if the method of (Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence, EDXRF, Shimadzu 7000, Japan). The results obtained indicated that in the determination of polysaccharides the group of Rhodophytas is the group that presented higher content of polysaccharides, in the determination of total lipids and minerals the group of Chorophytas is that presented higher yield. The polysaccharide content of Chlorophytes was higher in the macroalgae Ulva rigida with (32 ± 0.13%), in the group of Phaeophytes it was possible to verify that the macroalga Sarganssum muticum with a value of (39 ± 0.09%) had a higher content in the Rhodophyta a macroalgae Amphiroa anceps with (39 ± 0.06%) had the highest content. In the total lipids, the highest value obtained in Chlorophytas was (9.16 ± 0.09%) for Condium compendium, in order to determine the content of Phaeophytes Sarganssum muticum had a higher yield (6.07 ± 0.5%) in Rhodophyta Liagora ceranoides with a percentage of (5.59 ± 0.5%) was the macroalga with higher yield. In the minerals, the high calcium content was of the logarithm divaricarta with about 91.8%, the chlorine was of 69.2% in the macroalga Codium prostatum, in the determination of the silicon it was possible to reach the 35.7% content in the macroalgae Chamaedoris delphinii, in the potassium 19.1% in the Laurencia natalum, in the sulfur the highest concentration was observed in Pseudocodium divriesci with 12.7% and the macroalgae that had high iron content was Chamaedoris delphini with 4.7%. With the results obtained it is concluded that the macroalgae of Inhaca Island have the significant nutritional value that can be used in natural food, food industries, pharmaceutical or cosmetic industries to develop compounds with biological activity.