Estudo da influência do El Niño sobre a pescaria de atum Bonito listrado (Katsuwonus pelamis, Linneaus 1758) no canal de Moçambique

Abstract

In recent years there has been a reduction in global catches. Parallel to that, changes in the distribution of several fish species have been attributed to climatic variables at regional and global level. According to Kumar (2014), ENSO is the main cause of variability. climate around the globe. The occurrence of El Niño can affect the Mozambique channel region, causing changes in the surface temperature of seawater, which can affect life and distribution of Katsuwonus pelamis, as it inhabits the surface waters of the sea, with high influence of the event. The present study intends to evaluate the influence of the events of El Niño on the Katsuwonus pelamis tuna fishery along the Mozambique channel in the years 2000 to 2017, by analyzing the relationship between the nino 3.4 index and the surface temperature of the sea. The analysis was carried out with the help of the Matlab software package. Subsequently the relationship between the surface temperature of the sea and the catches of tuna, obtained in the platform of the Commission of Indian Ocean Tuna, using the Generalized Additive Model (GAM). The results show that high surface temperatures of the Mozambique channel are associated with the index nino 3.4 above 0.5, with emphasis on the years 2003, 2010 and 2016. Temperature in turn proved to be an important variable for the abundance and distribution of tuna with a correlation moderate (r2=0.41) between modeled catches and seawater surface temperature.