Incêndios em edifícios com origem em curto-circuitos: caso do bairro Central da capital – Maputo

Abstract

The most common known accidents of electrical origin are short circuits, which in most cases have caused a lot of damage, especially in cases where they occur in places where there are flammable materials/substances, because they can trigger fires that, if not extinguished in time, can cause both human and material losses. In the present report, short circuits are studied as one of the causes behind the fires that have occurred in the capital, thus analyzing the potential danger zones of fires by short circuits, as well as the level of protection of the cables of electric energy in these installations, as well as proposing adequate solutions to the fire danger zones caused by these and also proposing a more adequate level of protection of the electric power cables in the installations, mainly for the fire risk zones due to short circuits. The study was based on SENSAP activity reports for the Central neighborhood of Maputo City and shows that many residents of these neighborhoods live in residences with precarious facilities, as they are improvised, creating conditions for the emergence of short circuits. , in addition to also noting cases of overloads, as they are installations that at first were not designed for the purpose for which they are currently used. It is also worth noting that the neighborhood under study has a higher rate of fires in homes, followed by commercial establishments. The study concludes that in relation to residences, the conglomeration of residents in small spaces is one of the causes for the emergence of short circuits and overloads, which result in fires ( TRAÇÃO NOSSA).