Estudo fitoquímico da planta medicinal aloe marlothii

Abstract

The work is focused on the phytochemical study of the medicinal plant Aloe marlothii, known in Ronga, one of the languages ​​spoken in the southern region of Mozambique, for mangane. The plant occurs mainly in Mozambique, South Africa, Botswana and Zimbabwe and is widely used in traditional medicine as an alternative means of medical care of low-income rural communities. Between the biological and pharmacological activities that the plant exhibits, the activities purgative, anti-inflammatory and analgesic. It is also used to treat gonorrhea and syphilis and to promote female fertility. The plant represents a rich source of highly active chemical compounds that the confer a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities that justify the its success in traditional medicine. Such compounds, made in the leaves and roots, include anthraxes, anthraquinones, chromones, alkaloids and flavonoids. The crude extracts used in the present phytochemical study of Aloe marlothii were obtained from fresh leaves extracted by maceration and leaves dried at 55 0 C, sprayed and extracted by soxhlet. The obtained crude extracts were subjected to column chromatography monitored by thin layer chromatography. The tests qualitative tests carried out with the crude extracts were positive for anthraxes, anthraquinones, alkaloids and flavonoids. By chromatographic techniques, namely the column chromatography and thin layer chromatography, the fractions of alloin Rf 0.58, alloesin Rf 0.65 and homonataloin Rf 0.75, which after drying resulted in in solid yellow amorphous. Its characterization was done by chromatography in thin layer and by infrared spectra.