Avaliação dos parâmetros de qualidade de ar em escritórios no contexto da prevenção da doença Sars-Cov-2- Covid-19

Abstract

This study presents a literature review on indoor air quality and further on the relationship between air quality and the transmission of the Sars-Cov-2 virus. In order to ensure the protection of the health of employees in offices, the assessment of exposure to physical and chemical agents of air quality becomes essential. The evaluation of the air quality in this work is done through measuring equipment for parameters such as: relative humidity, temperature, concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds, Carbon Monoxide, Sulfur dioxide, ozone and particulate matter. After determining these parameters, a comparison is made with the exposure limits legally established and considered acceptable for indoor environments. Faced with the new Covid-19 pandemic, declared by the WHO in March 2020, which is an infectious disease caused by the Sars-Cov-2 virus, air quality has become an object of study. air quality and the Covid-19 disease is now being studied to understand how air quality can influence the transmission process and vulnerability to this disease. Overall, the results obtained show that all parameters were within the legislated limits, with the exception of SO2 and O3. For SO2, the values ​​were above the protection limits at all measurement points with a maximum of 1.39 ppm and for O3 only at 2 points with a maximum of 1.32 ppm. Long-term exposure to concentrations of gases above those established by legislation is a risk factor as they have effects on the health of employees, specifically on the respiratory tract. These gases are responsible for the development of diseases related to the respiratory tract that cause reduced defense capacity and weaken the respiratory system. With the respiratory tract weakened, individuals belong to the group vulnerable to Covid-19. Another important parameter is the particulate matter, as the Covid-19 virus is transported through it, attaching itself to the particulate matter present in the air. Covid-19 is transmitted by talking, breathing in and coughing from a contaminated person, which emits droplets, which may remain suspended in the air or precipitate on a surface. Once suspended in the air, these droplets lose their liquid part, remaining the solid part, which can be attached to another particulate material present in the air, as well as being suspended by itself. Thus, greater importance is given to particulate matter as it is the means by which the Covid-19 virus spreads (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA).