Frequência, caracterização genotípica e virológica do vírus de Hepatite B em dadores de sangue do banco de sangue do Hospital Central de Maputo

Abstract

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is one of the most common infectious agents worldwide. And, it is estimated to be responsible for one million deaths per year, with Sub-Saharan Africa being considered endemic because more than 8% of the population is infected with the virus (Hubschen, et al., 2008; Kew, 2010). ). HBV genotypes and viral load are increasingly recognized as important factors in the progression and clinical course of liver disease (Alcalde et al., 2009; Chan et al., 2008). As there are few studies on the subject in Mozambique, there was a need to investigate the virological and genotypic profile of HBV in blood donors from the Maputo Central Hospital Blood Bank (BSCHM). The study was cross-sectional, running from November 2014 to March 2015, with a sample size of 500 donors, mostly from Maputo City. For the collection of samples, the donors signed a consent form, then a questionnaire was administered in order to obtain socio-demographic data and subsequent testing of the samples for the HBsAg marker in the Blood Bank. And all positive samples for the HBsAg marker were submitted to genotyping and viral load at the Molecular Virology Laboratory of the National Institute of Health (INS). According to the statistical analysis performed using the SPSS version 20 program, the prevalence found for HBV was 7.8%, with individuals aged 25-34, male and black, more frequently. Viral load was detected in 89.2%, and no HBV genotype was identified in blood donors. However, the high level of HBV in the population studied may be associated with a lack or inadequate measures to prevent HBV, thus increasing the risk of transmission of this virus in a transfusion. In view of the results obtained, it is suggested to carry out similar studies with a larger sample size (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)