Estudo da diversidade herbácea a volta da Lagoa Pití e a sua importância para fauna e comunidades locais

Abstract

The present study, carried out in October and November 2005, is about herbaceous diversity and its importance for local communities in Lagoa Pití in the Maputo Special Reserve. Field visits were made that allowed the elaboration of the final map of the herbaceous vegetation communities. The lake was divided into four zones (South, North, East, and West), then 15 transects and 150 squares measuring 1m * 1m were carried out, it should be noted that it was not possible to make transects in the North zone due to the presence of elephants. . A total of 44 species were found, recorded and coded, of the 44 species of flatlands found, 2 were not identified, 10 are woody species and 32 are herbaceous. Based on the species found, the specific composition, vegetation cover, biological diversity and equitability were determined based on different formulas presented in the methodology. Based on the satellite image or direct observations, 3 communities of aquatic vegetation around the Pití Lagoon were identified, namely: Cyperus corymbosus, Centella asiatica and Phragmites australis. Cyperus corymbosus %, are the species that predominate in the Pití lagoon. The plant diversity is respectively higher in the East, West and South zones. Based on the data presented, it can be observed that around the Pití lagoon there are differences in the composition and frequency of species in the different squares, there are also vegetation patterns in the different zones being these dependent on several factors which condition their distribution. Rural populations depend on herbaceous vegetation mainly Cyperus sp and Phragmites sp to cover houses, make medicines, handicrafts (mats), construction material, food in the dry season, wood fuel and to obtain income based on sales (exports) in South Africa. The collection of species is diversified, families explore in various areas such as Pití, Cginguti, Tindiza, Gala and other places in the reserve, which guarantees the sustainable use of the resource in the Pití lagoon in the Maputo Special Reserve. There are several factors that can endanger the vegetation in Lagoa Pití, and within these there are those that can be controlled, such as burning and exportation, and those that cannot be controlled, such as drought and large mammals (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)