Técnicas laboratoriais para identificação de bactérias em amostras biológicas

Abstract

This internship report focuses on Laboratory Techniques for Identification of Bacteria in Biological Samples. The main objective of the internship was the acquisition of knowledge, understanding and execution of the main bacteria identification techniques used in the Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine of the Eduardo Mondlane University. The internship work was carried out in the aforementioned unit and was divided into two phases. The first lasted from March to May 2006 and basically consisted of adapting to the internship unit and drafting the protocol. The second phase was from July to October 2006 and consisted essentially in the microbiological processing of biological samples from different Hospitals and Health Centers, as well as from Clinics in the city of Maputo. Processing included inoculation of samples into appropriate culture media, isolation of suspected bacterial colonies (suggestive of a pathogen), identification of isolated strains, and antibiotic susceptibility testing. During the second stage of the internship, a total of 234 samples were received, of which: 26 of urine, 150 of feces, 23 of purulent secretions, 6 of vaginal exudates and 5 of urethral swab, 18 of sputum, 4 of ocular secretion, 1 of pharyngeal exudate and 1 pleural fluid. The most frequently identified were: Staphylococcus aureus (70.6%) in pus samples (purulent secretions), and Escherichia coli (38.5%) in urine samples. It was not possible to isolate bacteria in the following samples: feces, vaginal and urethral exudates, sputum, pharyngeal exudate and pleural fluid. The techniques frequently used to identify the isolated strains consisted in the evaluation of the metabolic activity of the bacteria in relation to certain organic substances. During the internship, it was found that bacteria identification techniques play a fundamental role in helping the Clinician to prescribe the appropriate antibacterial (TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)